International Journal of Science and Social Science Research
International Journal of Science and Social Science Research We are looking for original research and reviews from all fields, including; Science, Social Science, and Engineering. International Journal of Science and Social Science Research (IJSSSR) is a multidisciplinary and multilingual international refereed journal, that facilitates the publication of original and high-caliber novel articles and research papers, covering a wide range of topics in Science, Social science and Engineering. This is an open access journal that makes published academic research freely and indefinitely accessible, intending to anybody, anywhere can read and expand upon the study. The journal welcomes authors to submit their unique and significant contributions. Our guiding principle is to explore new frontiers in emerging and developing topics in research, academia, industry and government. It's editorial board and reviewer's panel is composed of accomplished academics and researchers from all around the world.
Influence of Anthropometric Characteristics and Physical Fitness Variables on Basketball Performance: A Review of Contemporary Scientific Evidence
Basketball is one of the most physically demanding and technically complex team sports, requiring the integration of anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness, technical skills, tactical intelligence and psychological preparedness. This review examines the influence of anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness variables on basketball performance, with particular emphasis on adolescent and Under-17 athletes. Anthropometric factors such as height, arm span, leg length, body mass, body composition and muscular girths provide structural advantages that influence shooting, rebounding, defensive coverage and movement efficiency. Similarly, physical fitness components including speed, agility, muscular strength, explosive power, endurance, flexibility, coordination and reaction time determine an athlete’s ability to execute basketball-specific skills effectively during high-intensity competition. The review synthesizes current scientific literature demonstrating that neither anthropometric characteristics nor physical fitness alone can accurately predict basketball performance; rather, their interaction plays a decisive role in competitive success. Furthermore, adolescence represents a critical stage for talent identification because biological maturation significantly affects physical growth and athletic performance. The findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive athlete assessment using integrated anthropometric and fitness evaluations for talent identification, player selection and individualized training programme development. Such multidimensional assessment provides coaches, sports scientists and physical educators with valuable information for optimizing player development and improving competitive performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Science and Social Science Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Study of Natural Tourist Spots in Satna District
This study represents a multidisciplinary field-based research project examining the natural landscapes and wildlife-rich areas located within Satna District through the integration of vegetation ecology and animal-habitat relationships. The study documents mammalian presence and activity across multiple natural sites using camera-trap methodologies and investigates the relationship between vegetation structure, environmental gradients along granite catenae, habitat complexity and potential tourist experiences. The research places Satna’s natural tourist locations within a wider cultural and historical landscape, where scenic environments, sacred locations and regional heritage collectively contribute to nature-based tourism. Through the integration of hydrological, geological, soil-related and ecological perspectives, the study aims to describe local-scale plant communities, characterize habitat heterogeneity and assess how landscape features influence biodiversity patterns as well as visitor experiences across the district’s natural attractions. The major themes of the study include the geographical distribution and accessibility of natural tourist locations, the contribution of ecotourism to regional economic development and the importance of visitor information, safety considerations and sustainable management practices. The research highlights that waterfalls, forest ecosystems and natural landscapes support local livelihoods through guiding activities, tourism services and cultural tourism while emphasizing responsible management approaches that maintain a balance between biodiversity conservation, visitor activities and community benefits. The principal findings of the study are considered with certain limitations, including possible under-reporting from camera-trap observations, seasonal variations and unequal coverage of study locations. The study further recommends long-term multidisciplinary data sharing and expanded monitoring systems to improve comparative studies among sites. These limitations demonstrate continuing discussions regarding ecological data completeness and the effective integration of scientific research with tourism planning and policy development in Satna’s natural heritage landscape.
Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Optimism on Academic Adjustment, Resilience, and Happiness among College Students: A Quantitative Study
Background: When it comes to a higher education system, college students are faced with a variety of challenges, including academic, emotional, and social. The ability to understand, manage emotions, and an optimistic personality are considered the most important to bring academic adjustment. Still, little is known about the joint impact of these psychological factors on multiple students’ outcomes in a single study. Objective: The study aimed to examine the influence of emotional intelligence and optimism on academic adjustment, resilience, and happiness among college students. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional correlational research design was used. Out of 365 screened students, 340 undergraduate students took part in the study, with 25 being excluded for personal reasons. The researchers employed a Sociodemographic Information Sheet, the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT), the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), the Academic Adjustment Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) to collect data. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha, normality test, Pearson correlation, independent-samples t-test, and multiple linear regression using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27.0. Results: The study revealed that emotional intelligence, optimism, academic adjustment, resilience, and happiness significantly correlated positively with each other (p < .001). The results of multiple regression analyses indicated that emotional intelligence and optimism were significant predictors of academic adjustment (R2 = .551), resilience (R2 = .492), and happiness (R2 = .590). All three hypotheses of the study were confirmed. The emotional intelligence showed up as the better predictor of all the outcome variables. Conclusion: Based on the findings, emotional intelligence and optimism are psychological resources that can help students adjust, bounce back, or be happy. Making these educational and counseling interventions may help college students succeed academically and psychologically.
Learning Tools for Tamil as a Foreign Language
Tamil is one of the ancient living languages in the world. There are many speakers around the world. Teaching and learning take place in many countries in different educational institutions. The advancement of technology took language education in hand. Several language tools are adopted in teaching and learning languages and Tamil is not an exception. This study is based on two objectives such as to design a tool for Tamil language with the grammatical components and to get the feedback from the Tamil language learners who learn Tamil as foreign language. Mixed research method is adopted in this study. Data are collected after designing the Tamil language tool through the feedback of the foreign learners of Tamil language. The Tami language tool is designed as learning tool to enhance learner motivation, engagement, communicative competence, and overall Tamil language proficiency among non-native or foreign learners. The findings of the study are from the feedback of the users. This designed Tamil language tool significantly enhance learning autonomy and structural comprehension, developers must actively bridge the gap between rigid, literary Tamil rules and the flexible, spoken registers used in everyday communication. The study recommends to design and implement the technology-supported learning resources, and to offer valuable implications for language educators in foreign language education.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Universities
The world has shrunk due to the advancement of technology. Technology is an application of scientific information for real life practical purposes. It is a branch of knowledge dealing with applied sciences. At present, artificial intelligence play a vital role in the all fields including education. Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and solve problems. The present study is based on the objective to identify the usage of artificial intelligence tools among the university Tamil learning university students. Quantitative research method is used in this study. 500 university Tamil students of Keralam are selected. Questionnaire is the tool. Data are collected using the framed questionnaire. The findings say that the most of the respondents are familiar with artificial intelligence, the impact of artificial intelligence in academic activities are high and artificial intelligence simplifies difficult concepts. The study recommends to utilise the artificial intelligence in all the higher education institutions.
Plant-Derived Antifungal Agents: Ecological Impacts and Environmental Significance
Herbs have been used for centuries to treat a wide range of infectious and non-infectious diseases. It is estimated that approximately 25% of commonly used pharmaceutical drugs are derived from plant-based compounds. Herbal antifungal agents have emerged as promising eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic antifungal compounds due to their biodegradability, low environmental toxicity, minimal residue accumulation, and reduced risk of resistance development. Their compatibility with sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management further supports their environmental benefits. However, concerns such as overharvesting of medicinal plants, potential effects on non-target organisms, variability in phytochemical composition, and the environmental costs of large-scale cultivation and extraction must be addressed. Currently available antifungal drugs are often expensive, associated with adverse side effects, and may have limited efficacy against resistant fungal strains. Consequently, there is increasing interest in medicinal plants as alternative sources of antifungal agents. Numerous plant species have demonstrated promising antifungal activity, with several exhibiting broad-spectrum efficacy against a variety of pathogenic fungi, highlighting their potential for the development of safer, more effective, and affordable antifungal therapies. Herbal antifungal agents are increasingly being explored as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic antifungal drugs and fungicides. Their ecological impacts are generally considered positive, although some concerns remain regarding sustainability and large-scale use. Overall, Sustainable cultivation practices, green extraction technologies, standardized formulations, approach to fungal disease management, offering effective antifungal activity while minimizing adverse ecological.
Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Science and Social Science Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital Interaction vs Real-World Social Interaction: A Psychological Perspective on Elderly Loneliness and Social Well-being
The growing reliance on digital communication technologies has reshaped patterns of social engagement among older adults, raising important questions regarding their influence on loneliness and social well-being. As demographic aging accelerates worldwide, understanding the psychological implications of both virtual and face-to-face interactions has become increasingly significant. This paper offers a conceptual and literature-based examination of the relationship between digital interaction, real-world social participation, and the psychosocial well-being of elderly individuals. Drawing upon existing theoretical and empirical literature, the discussion evaluates the capacity of technology-mediated communication to foster social connectedness, maintain interpersonal relationships, and alleviate feelings of isolation. The reviewed evidence suggests that digital platforms provide valuable avenues for communication, particularly for older adults experiencing physical limitations, reduced mobility, or geographical separation from family and social networks. Nevertheless, the literature consistently highlights the enduring value of direct social encounters in promoting emotional fulfillment, perceived social support, and a sense of belonging. From a psychological standpoint, the quality of social relationships emerges as a more influential determinant of well-being than the mere frequency of interaction. The synthesis indicates that digital engagement is most effective when complementing, rather than substituting, meaningful face-to-face relationships. The paper argues that an integrated approach combining technological accessibility with opportunities for community participation can contribute significantly to reducing loneliness and strengthening social well-being among the elderly. These insights offer relevant implications for researchers, policymakers, caregivers, and social institutions seeking to enhance quality of life in later adulthood within an increasingly digital social environment.
सामाजिक सुरक्षा पेंशन योजनाओं का लाभार्थियों की सामाजिक-आर्थिक स्थिति पर प्रभाव: एक समाजशास्त्रीय अध्ययन
भारतीय समाज में सामाजिक सुरक्षा की अवधारणा पारंपरिक पारिवारिक संरक्षण से विकसित होकर राज्य की कल्याणकारी जिम्मेदारी का महत्वपूर्ण अंग बन चुकी है। औद्योगीकरण, नगरीकरण, प्रवासन तथा संयुक्त परिवार प्रणाली के विघटन ने वृद्धजन, विधवाओं एवं दिव्यांग व्यक्तियों की सामाजिक और आर्थिक असुरक्षाओं को बढ़ाया है। इस संदर्भ में सामाजिक सुरक्षा पेंशन योजनाएँ कमजोर वर्गों को आर्थिक सहायता प्रदान करने के साथ-साथ सामाजिक सम्मान, आत्मनिर्भरता और जीवन की गुणवत्ता में सुधार का माध्यम भी हैं। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन का उद्देश्य पेंशन धारकों की सामाजिक-आर्थिक स्थिति का बहुआयामी विश्लेषण करना तथा यह मूल्यांकन करना है कि ये योजनाएँ किस सीमा तक लाभार्थियों के जीवन स्तर, स्वास्थ्य, सामाजिक सहभागिता एवं आर्थिक सुरक्षा को प्रभावित करती हैं। अध्ययन में यह भी स्पष्ट किया गया है कि पेंशन राशि की अपर्याप्तता, वितरण में विलंब, प्रशासनिक जटिलताएँ तथा पात्रता संबंधी समस्याएँ योजनाओं की प्रभावशीलता को सीमित करती हैं। अध्ययन के निष्कर्ष नीति-निर्माताओं के लिए योजनाओं के सुधार हेतु उपयोगी आधार प्रदान करेंगे।
The Psychology of Defensive Cyber Deception Technology Adoption Across IT and OT Environments
Defensive cyber deception is often described as a technical capability, but its adoption depends on how people interpret an intentionally deceptive security practice. This paper reframes cyber deception adoption as a psychological and perceptual problem involving awareness, trust, risk appraisal, perceived control, ethical legitimacy, self-efficacy, and decision confidence. The study combines secondary quantitative analysis of an existing deidentified survey dataset from ICS/OT professionals with an integrative synthesis of cyber deception literature from IT, security operations center, and operational technology contexts. The quantitative analysis found that perception-based factors explained substantially more variance in adoption readiness and effective utilization than education, years of experience, or sector. Self-efficacy and direct experience were the strongest predictors, followed by instructional support, performance expectancy, and security trust. The literature synthesis showed that IT and SOC adoption concerns center on workflow fit, use-case clarity, analyst confidence, and signal trust, while OT adoption concerns center on safety, operational control, and perceived risk. The paper proposes a Defensive Cyber Deception Acceptance Model that positions category awareness, legitimacy appraisal, trust, perceived control, and decision confidence as the psychological pathway through which deception technology becomes acceptable in practice.
Unearthing the Voices Within: Pre-service Teachers’ Critical Perspectives on the Climate Crisis through Photovoice
The climate crisis has emerged as a pressing socio-environmental challenge that demands critical engagement from future educators. This qualitative study explored pre-service teachers’ critical perspectives on climate change through Photovoice, a participatory visual methodology that fosters reflection on lived community experiences. Nine pre-service teachers from a Philippine Center of Excellence in Teacher Education documented environmental conditions within their local communities through photographs and accompanying narratives that examined observed climate-related issues through the SHOWED technique. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, resulting in five interconnected themes: urbanization and heat island effects, deforestation and ecosystem degradation, waste burning and environmental pollution, drought and agricultural vulnerability, and flooding linked to infrastructure deficiencies. Findings indicate that participants conceptualized the climate crisis not merely as an environmental phenomenon but as a complex socio-ecological issue shaped by human activities, economic constraints, governance shortcomings, and community practices. Their narratives reflect the development of critical environmental consciousness, moving beyond descriptive observations toward deeper interrogation of the structural factors driving environmental degradation and climate vulnerability. Moreover, Photovoice functioned as both a research and pedagogical tool that enabled participants to bridge theoretical understandings of climate change with contextual realities in their communities. The study contributes to the growing literature on climate change education by demonstrating the value of participatory visual methodologies in cultivating environmental literacy, critical reflection, and climate-responsive pedagogical orientations among future educators. Integrating such approaches into teacher education programs may strengthen the capacity of pre-service teachers to engage learners in meaningful, locally grounded responses to climate and environmental challenges.
Aggression and Anxiety in Tiffin vs. Non-Tiffin Feeder School Children: A Comparative Study
School environments play a vital role in shaping children’s psychological development. The present study compared aggression and anxiety levels between Tiffin feeder and Non-Tiffin feeder school children. A total of 60 students aged 13–14 years were selected (30 Tiffin feeder and 30 Non-Tiffin feeder) from a school in Mirzapur, India. Standardized scales for aggression and anxiety were administered, and group differences were examined using t-tests. Findings revealed that Tiffin feeder children displayed higher aggression scores compared to their Non-Tiffin counterparts. Anxiety patterns varied: Tiffin feeder children scored higher in some subscales (separation anxiety, social phobia), while Non-Tiffin feeder children scored higher on panic/agoraphobia and general anxiety. These results suggest that differences in school routines and support systems may influence emotional well-being. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce anxiety and aggression among school children.
Constitutional Democracy in India: The Past, The Present and The Future
The constitutional democracy in India is a complex interplay of historical developments, cultural nuances and socio-political dynamics. This article traces the development of constitutional democracy in India from its colonial beginnings to its present-day tribulations and prospects. It discusses the basic concepts on which the Constitution is based, the roles played by the various institutions, and the ongoing debates on democratic values in the context of globalisation and technological advancement.
Differential Adaptations in Resting Heart Rate Following Moderate-Intensity Aerobic and Sport-Specific Skill Training in University Athletes
The present study aimed to compare the differential adaptations in resting heart rate following moderate-intensity aerobic training and sport-specific skill training among university-level team sport athletes. Resting heart rate is an important physiological indicator of cardiovascular fitness, autonomic regulation, and training adaptation, and lower resting heart rates are generally associated with improved athletic performance and recovery. A randomized pre-test and post-test experimental design was employed for the study. Sixty-three male college athletes aged between 19 and 23 years, representing basketball, football, and handball, were selected using purposive random sampling. The subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Training (MIAT; n = 21), Skill Training (SKT; n = 21), and Control Group (CG; n = 21). The experimental groups underwent their respective training interventions for 12 weeks, while the control group followed their regular activities without any specialized training programme. Resting heart rate was measured before and after the intervention period. The collected data were analyzed using the dependent t-test, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), and Scheffé's post hoc test at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed significant reductions in resting heart rate in both experimental groups. The dependent t-values of the MIAT (34.92) and SKT (13.29) groups were significantly higher than the table value (2.08). The ANCOVA results further demonstrated significant differences among the groups (F = 130.37, p < 0.05). The post hoc analysis indicated that both training methods were superior to the control group, with moderate-intensity aerobic training producing greater improvements in resting heart rate than skill training. The study concluded that moderate-intensity aerobic training is more effective than sport-specific skill training in eliciting favorable cardiovascular adaptations and reducing resting heart rate among university-level basketball, football, and handball athletes. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating aerobic conditioning programmes for enhancing cardiovascular efficiency, recovery capacity, and overall athletic performance in team sport athletes.
Harmonizing International Arbitration Framework: A Critical Analysis over Industrial Dispute Act,1947 and Plantation Labor Act,1951
Industrial Dispute is a shared cutting-edge issue in the factory. Industrial Dispute, cutting-edge, the tea plantations remained instigated in 1948. We all see that tea is recognized as the most widely consumed beverage in the world after water. Industrial arguments continue fairly communal, cutting-edge, and the sweatshop. Industrial arguments continued the material of nervousness, meanwhile preceding so frequent ages. This not only substituted by means of a chief problem leading-edge the growth of the industrial sector, but also extremely affected the economy of the nation. Industrial disputes similarly postpone the production of the workers, and henceforward the production of the occupational similarly discounts. According to Section 2 of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947, "industrial dispute" precedes "selected disagreement or modification amidst supervisors (companies) then executives, between corporations as well workmen, previously between workmen as well workmen, which is allied complete the engagement or non-employment, the understandings of employment, beforehand the conditions of work of certain separate." Presiding finished finished Supreme Court cutting-edge the condition Tata Chemicals Ltd. vs Workmen (AIR 1978, SC, 828), happening description of industrial difference saying “Industrial disagreement is not solitary a difference amongst an manager to a recognized normal union however it too encompasses some difference or alteration among superior then workmen including subversive union of workmen which is related finished facility or footholds of facility or situations of work of workmen”. When a facility contract is not followed, a deviation is raised under the Industrial Dispute Act of 1947. The glitches can comprise salary stresses, plus stresses, amalgamation opposition, partisan intrusion; employment issues, etc., which lead to industrial disputes besides the succeeding occupation of assaults, lockouts, and dharnas.
Impact of the Mission Kakatiya Programme on Scheduled Tribes: A Study from Warangal District of Telangana
A Nation's agricultural, social, and economic development depends heavily on irrigation. The production of food has been stabilized via irrigation. essential component of the production process in agriculture. Some civilizations have endured for thousands of years with sustainable irrigation, while others have seen their civilizations rise and die with the development and demise of their irrigation systems. Around two-thirds of agricultural production in India comes from irrigated agriculture, which has significantly reduced the country's dependence on foodgrains. The building of dams and irrigation systems has lowered the rate of poverty from 69% to 10% when the crops are farmed under guaranteed irrigation. The Mission Kakatiya initiatives will increase the ground water level around the village tank as well as the water storage capacity of the village tanks during the rainy season. The availability of water in the village tanks supports the expansion of agriculture and local livelihood options.